Get the lowdown on the key pieces of Bootstrap's infrastructure, including our approach to better, faster, stronger web development.

Requires HTML5 doctype

Bootstrap makes use of certain HTML elements and CSS properties that require the use of the HTML5 doctype. Include it at the beginning of all your projects.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  ...
</html>

Mobile first

With Bootstrap 2, we added optional mobile friendly styles for key aspects of the framework. With Bootstrap 3, we've rewritten the project to be mobile friendly from the start. Instead of adding on optional mobile styles, they're baked right into the core. In fact, Bootstrap is mobile first. Mobile first styles can be found throughout the entire library instead of in separate files.

To enable proper mobile styles, add the viewport meta tag to your <head>:

<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

This meta tag improves rendering of sites on mobile devices and ensures proper touch-based zooming.

Typography and links

Bootstrap sets basic global display, typography, and link styles. Specifically, we:

Remove margin on the body
Set background-color: white; on the body
Use the @font-family-base, @font-size-base, and @line-height-base attributes as our typographic base
Set the global link color via @link-color and apply link underlines only on :hover

These styles can be found within scaffolding.less.

Normalize reset

For improved cross-browser rendering, we use Normalize, a project by Nicolas Gallagher and Jonathan Neal.

Headings

All HTML headings, <h1> through <h6> are available.

h1. Heading 1

h2. Heading 2

h3. Heading 3

h4. Heading 4

h5. Heading 5

h6. Heading 6

Body copy

Bootstrap's global default font-size is 14px, with a line-height of 20px. This is applied to the <body> and all paragraphs. In addition, <p> (paragraphs) receive a bottom margin of half their line-height (10px by default).

Nullam quis risus eget urna mollis ornare vel eu leo. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula.

Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla. Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus, nisi erat porttitor ligula, eget lacinia odio sem nec elit. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.

Maecenas sed diam eget risus varius blandit sit amet non magna. Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus, nisi erat porttitor ligula, eget lacinia odio sem nec elit.

<p>...</p>

Lead body copy

Make a paragraph stand out by adding .lead.

Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor. Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus.

<p class="lead">...</p>

Built with Less

The typographic scale is based on two LESS variables in variables.less: @font-size-base and @line-height-base. The first is the base font-size used throughout and the second is the base line-height. We use those variables and some simple math to create the margins, paddings, and line-heights of all our type and more. Customize them and Bootstrap adapts.

Emphasis

Make use of HTML's default emphasis tags with lightweight styles.

`<small>`

For de-emphasizing inline or blocks of text, use the small tag.

This line of text is meant to be treated as fine print.

<p>
  <small>This line of text is meant to be treated as fine print.</small>
</p>

Bold

For emphasizing a snippet of text with a heavier font-weight.

The following snippet of text is rendered as bold text.

<strong>rendered as bold text</strong>

Italics

For emphasizing a snippet of text with italics.

The following snippet of text is rendered as italicized text.

<em>rendered as italicized text</em>

Feel free to use <b> and <i> in HTML5. <b> is meant to highlight words or phrases without conveying additional importance while <i> is mostly for voice, technical terms, etc.

Alignment classes

Easily realign text to components with text alignment classes.

Left aligned text.

Center aligned text.

Right aligned text.

<p class="text-left">Left aligned text.</p>
<p class="text-center">Center aligned text.</p>
<p class="text-right">Right aligned text.</p>

Emphasis classes

Convey meaning through color with a handful of emphasis utility classes.

Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris nibh.

Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.

Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.

Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus, nisi erat porttitor ligula.

<p class="muted">Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris nibh.</p>
<p class="text-warning">Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.</p>
<p class="text-error">Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
<p class="text-success">Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus, nisi erat porttitor ligula.</p>

Abbreviations

Stylized implementation of HTML's <abbr> element for abbreviations and acronyms to show the expanded version on hover. Abbreviations with a title attribute have a light dotted bottom border and a help cursor on hover, providing additional context on hover.

`<abbr>`

For expanded text on long hover of an abbreviation, include the title attribute.

An abbreviation of the word attribute is attr.

<abbr title="attribute">attr</abbr>

`<abbr class="initialism">`

Add .initialism to an abbreviation for a slightly smaller font-size.

HTML is the best thing since sliced bread.

<abbr title="HyperText Markup Language" class="initialism">HTML</abbr>

Addresses

Present contact information for the nearest ancestor or the entire body of work.

`<address>`

Preserve formatting by ending all lines with <br>.

Twitter, Inc.
795 Folsom Ave, Suite 600
San Francisco, CA 94107
P: (123) 456-7890

Full Name
first.last@example.com

<address>
  <strong>Twitter, Inc.</strong><br>
  795 Folsom Ave, Suite 600<br>
  San Francisco, CA 94107<br>
  <abbr title="Phone">P:</abbr> (123) 456-7890
</address>

<address>
  <strong>Full Name</strong><br>
  <a href="mailto:#">first.last@example.com</a>
</address>

Blockquotes

For quoting blocks of content from another source within your document.

Default blockquote

Wrap <blockquote> around any HTML as the quote. For straight quotes we recommend a <p>.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.

<blockquote>
  <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
</blockquote>

Blockquote options

Style and content changes for simple variations on a standard blockquote.

Naming a source

Add <small> tag for identifying the source. Wrap the name of the source work in <cite>.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.
Someone famous in Source Title

<blockquote>
  <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
  <small>Someone famous <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></small>
</blockquote>

Alternate displays

Use .pull-right for a floated, right-aligned blockquote.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.
Someone famous in Source Title

<blockquote class="pull-right">
  ...
</blockquote>

Lists

Unordered

A list of items in which the order does not explicitly matter.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet
Consectetur adipiscing elit
Integer molestie lorem at massa
Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet
Nulla volutpat aliquam velit
- Phasellus iaculis neque
- Purus sodales ultricies
- Vestibulum laoreet porttitor sem
- Ac tristique libero volutpat at
Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel
Aenean sit amet erat nunc
Eget porttitor lorem

<ul>
  <li>...</li>
</ul>

Ordered

A list of items in which the order does explicitly matter.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet
Consectetur adipiscing elit
Integer molestie lorem at massa
Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet
Nulla volutpat aliquam velit
Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel
Aenean sit amet erat nunc
Eget porttitor lorem

<ol>
  <li>...</li>
</ol>

Unstyled

Remove the default list-style and left padding on list items (immediate children only).

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet
Consectetur adipiscing elit
Integer molestie lorem at massa
Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet
Nulla volutpat aliquam velit
- Phasellus iaculis neque
- Purus sodales ultricies
- Vestibulum laoreet porttitor sem
- Ac tristique libero volutpat at
Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel
Aenean sit amet erat nunc
Eget porttitor lorem

<ul class="list-unstyled">
  <li>...</li>
</ul>

Inline

Place all list items on a single line with inline-block and some light padding.

Lorem ipsum
Phasellus iaculis
Nulla volutpat

<ul class="list-inline">
  <li>...</li>
</ul>

Description

A list of terms with their associated descriptions.

Description lists: A description list is perfect for defining terms.
Euismod: Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper eget lacinia odio sem nec elit.; Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus.
Malesuada porta: Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.

<dl>
  <dt>...</dt>
  <dd>...</dd>
</dl>

Horizontal description

Make terms and descriptions in <dl> line up side-by-side.

Description lists: A description list is perfect for defining terms.
Euismod: Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper eget lacinia odio sem nec elit.; Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus.
Malesuada porta: Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.
Felis euismod semper eget lacinia: Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus.

<dl class="dl-horizontal">
  <dt>...</dt>
  <dd>...</dd>
</dl>

Auto-truncating

Horizontal description lists will truncate terms that are too long to fit in the left column fix text-overflow. In narrower viewports, they will change to the default stacked layout.

Live grid example

The default Bootstrap grid system utilizes 12 columns, making for a 940px wide container without responsive features enabled. With the responsive CSS file added, the grid adapts to be 724px and 1170px wide depending on your viewport. Below 767px viewports, the columns become fluid and stack vertically.

Basic grid HTML

For a simple two column layout, create a .row and add the appropriate number of .span* columns. As this is a 12-column grid, each .span* spans a number of those 12 columns, and should always add up to 12 for each row (or the number of columns in the parent).

<div class="row">
  <div class="span4">...</div>
  <div class="span8">...</div>
</div>

Given this example, we have .span4 and .span8, making for 12 total columns and a complete row.

Offsetting columns

Move columns to the right using .offset* classes. Each class increases the left margin of a column by a whole column. For example, .offset4 moves .span4 over four columns.

4 offset 4

3 offset 3

6 offset 6

<div class="row">
  <div class="span4">...</div>
  <div class="span4 offset4">...</div>
</div>

Nesting columns

To nest your content with the default grid, add a new .row and set of .span* columns within an existing .span* column. Nested rows should include a set of columns that add up to 12.

Level 1: 9 columns

Level 2: 6 columns

<div class="row">
  <div class="span9">
    Level 1: 9 columns
    <div class="row">
      <div class="span6">Level 2: 6 columns</div>
      <div class="span6">Level 2: 6 columns</div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

Inline

Wrap inline snippets of code with <code>.

For example, <section> should be wrapped as inline.

For example, <code>&lt;section&gt;</code> should be wrapped as inline.

Basic block

Use <pre> for multiple lines of code. Be sure to escape any angle brackets in the code for proper rendering.

<p>Sample text here...</p>

<pre>
  &lt;p&gt;Sample text here...&lt;/p&gt;
</pre>

You may optionally add the .pre-scrollable class which will set a max-height of 350px and provide a y-axis scrollbar.

Default styles

For basic styling—light padding and only horizontal dividers—add the base class .table to any <table>.

#	First Name	Last Name	Username
1	Mark	Otto	@mdo
2	Jacob	Thornton	@fat
3	Larry	the Bird	@twitter

<table class="table">
  …
</table>

Optional classes

Add any of the following classes to the .table base class.

`.table-striped`

Adds zebra-striping to any table row within the <tbody> via the :nth-child CSS selector (not available in IE8).

#	First Name	Last Name	Username
1	Mark	Otto	@mdo
2	Jacob	Thornton	@fat
3	Larry	the Bird	@twitter

<table class="table table-striped">
  …
</table>

`.table-bordered`

Add borders and rounded corners to the table.

#	First Name	Last Name	Username
1	Mark	Otto	@mdo
1	Mark	Otto	@TwBootstrap
2	Jacob	Thornton	@fat
3	Larry the Bird		@twitter

<table class="table table-bordered">
  …
</table>

`.table-hover`

Enable a hover state on table rows within a <tbody>.

#	First Name	Last Name	Username
1	Mark	Otto	@mdo
2	Jacob	Thornton	@fat
3	Larry the Bird		@twitter

<table class="table table-hover">
  …
</table>

`.table-condensed`

Makes tables more compact by cutting cell padding in half.

#	First Name	Last Name	Username
1	Mark	Otto	@mdo
2	Jacob	Thornton	@fat
3	Larry the Bird		@twitter

<table class="table table-condensed">
  …
</table>

Optional row classes

Use contextual classes to color table rows.

Class	Description
`.success`	Indicates a successful or positive action.
`.error`	Indicates a dangerous or potentially negative action.
`.warning`	Indicates a warning that might need attention.
`.info`	Used as an alternative to the default styles.

#	Product	Payment Taken	Status
1	TB - Monthly	01/04/2012	Approved
2	TB - Monthly	02/04/2012	Declined
3	TB - Monthly	03/04/2012	Pending
4	TB - Monthly	04/04/2012	Call in to confirm

...
  <tr class="success">
    <td>1</td>
    <td>TB - Monthly</td>
    <td>01/04/2012</td>
    <td>Approved</td>
  </tr>
...

Supported table markup

List of supported table HTML elements and how they should be used.

Tag	Description
`<table>`	Wrapping element for displaying data in a tabular format
`<thead>`	Container element for table header rows (`<tr>`) to label table columns
`<tbody>`	Container element for table rows (`<tr>`) in the body of the table
`<tr>`	Container element for a set of table cells (`<td>` or `<th>`) that appears on a single row
`<td>`	Default table cell
`<th>`	Special table cell for column (or row, depending on scope and placement) labels
`<caption>`	Description or summary of what the table holds, especially useful for screen readers

<table>
  <caption>...</caption>
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th>...</th>
      <th>...</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td>...</td>
      <td>...</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

Default styles

Individual form controls automatically receive some global styling. By default, inputs are set to width: 100%;.

<form>
  <fieldset>
    <legend>Legend</legend>
    <label>Label name</label>
    <input type="text" placeholder="Type something…">
    <span class="help-block">Example block-level help text here.</span>
    <div class="checkbox">
      <label>
        <input type="checkbox"> Check me out
      </label>
    </div>
    <button type="submit" class="btn">Submit</button>
  </fieldset>
</form>

Optional layouts

Included with Bootstrap are optional form layouts for common use cases.

Inline form

Add .form-inline for left-aligned labels and inline-block controls for a compact layout.

<form class="form-inline">
  <input type="text" class="span3" placeholder="Email">
  <input type="password" class="span3" placeholder="Password">
    <div class="checkbox">
      <label>
        <input type="checkbox"> Remember me
      </label>
    </div>
  <button type="submit" class="btn">Sign in</button>
</form>

Horizontal form

Right align labels and float them to the left to make them appear on the same line as controls. Requires the most markup changes from a default form:

Add .form-horizontal to the form
Wrap labels and controls in .control-group
Add .control-label to the label
Wrap any associated controls in .controls for proper alignment

<form class="form-horizontal">
  <div class="control-group">
    <label class="control-label" for="inputEmail">Email</label>
    <div class="controls">
      <input type="text" id="inputEmail" placeholder="Email">
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="control-group">
    <label class="control-label" for="inputPassword">Password</label>
    <div class="controls">
      <input type="password" id="inputPassword" placeholder="Password">
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="control-group">
    <div class="controls">
      <div class="checkbox">
        <label>
          <input type="checkbox"> Remember me
        </label>
      </div>
      <button type="submit" class="btn">Sign in</button>
    </div>
  </div>
</form>

Supported form controls

Examples of standard form controls supported in an example form layout.

Inputs

Most common form control, text-based input fields. Includes support for all HTML5 types: text, password, datetime, datetime-local, date, month, time, week, number, email, url, search, tel, and color.

Requires the use of a specified type at all times.

<input type="text" placeholder="Text input">

Textarea

Form control which supports multiple lines of text. Change rows attribute as necessary.

<textarea rows="3"></textarea>

Checkboxes and radios

Checkboxes are for selecting one or several options in a list while radios are for selecting one option from many.

Default (stacked)

<div class="checkbox">
  <label>
    <input type="checkbox" value="">
    Option one is this and that—be sure to include why it's great
  </label>
</div>

<div class="radio">
  <label>
    <input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="optionsRadios1" value="option1" checked>
    Option one is this and that—be sure to include why it's great
  </label>
</div>
<div class="radio">
  <label>
    <input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="optionsRadios2" value="option2">
    Option two can be something else and selecting it will deselect option one
  </label>
</div>

Inline checkboxes

Use .checkbox-inline or .radio-inline class to a series of checkboxes or radios for controls appear on the same line.

<label class="checkbox-inline">
  <input type="checkbox" id="inlineCheckbox1" value="option1"> 1
</label>
<label class="checkbox-inline">
  <input type="checkbox" id="inlineCheckbox2" value="option2"> 2
</label>
<label class="checkbox-inline">
  <input type="checkbox" id="inlineCheckbox3" value="option3"> 3
</label>

Selects

Use the default option or specify a multiple="multiple" to show multiple options at once.

<select>
  <option>1</option>
  <option>2</option>
  <option>3</option>
  <option>4</option>
  <option>5</option>
</select>

<select multiple="multiple">
  <option>1</option>
  <option>2</option>
  <option>3</option>
  <option>4</option>
  <option>5</option>
</select>

Form control states

Provide feedback to users or visitors with basic feedback states on form controls and labels.

Input focus

We remove the default outline styles on some form controls and apply a box-shadow in its place for :focus.

<input id="focusedInput" type="text" value="This is focused...">

Invalid inputs

Style inputs via default browser functionality with :invalid. Specify a type, add the required attribute if the field is not optional, and (if applicable) specify a pattern.

This is not available in versions of Internet Explorer 7-9 due to lack of support for CSS pseudo selectors.

<input class="span3" type="email" required>

Disabled inputs

Add the disabled attribute on an input to prevent user input and trigger a slightly different look.

<input class="input-xlarge" id="disabledInput" type="text" placeholder="Disabled input here..." disabled>

Disabled fieldsets

Add the disabled attribute to a <fieldset> to disable all the controls within the <fieldset> at once. Link buttons (with the <a> element) will be aesthetically disabled, but you will need custom JavaScript to disable their behavior.

<form class="form-inline">
  <fieldset disabled>
    <input type="text" class="span4" placeholder="Disabled input">
    <select class="span4">
      <option>Disabled select</option>
    </select>
    <div class="checkbox">
      <label>
        <input type="checkbox"> Can't check this
      </label>
    </div>
    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
  </fieldset>
</form>

Validation states

Bootstrap includes validation styles for error, warning, info, and success messages. To use:

Add .has-warning, .has-error, or .has-success to the parent element
Add .input-with-feedback to the field(s) in question

Validation styles are applied on a per-input basis. With horizontal forms, the <label class="control-label"> will always be styled.

<div class="control-group has-warning">
  <label class="control-label" for="inputWarning">Input with warning</label>
  <div class="controls">
    <input type="text" class="input-with-feedback" id="inputWarning">
  </div>
</div>
<div class="control-group has-error">
  <label class="control-label" for="inputError">Input with error</label>
  <div class="controls">
    <input type="text" class="input-with-feedback" id="inputError">
  </div>
</div>
<div class="control-group has-success">
  <label class="control-label" for="inputSuccess">Input with success</label>
  <div class="controls">
    <input type="text" class="input-with-feedback id="inputSuccess"">
  </div>
</div>

Extending form controls

Adding on top of existing browser controls, Bootstrap includes other useful form components.

Input groups

Add text or buttons before, after, or on both sides of any text-based input. Use .input-group with a .add-on to prepend or append elements to an <input>.

Avoid using <select> elements here as they cannot be fully styled in WebKit browsers.

<div class="input-group span9">
  <span class="input-group-addon">@</span>
  <input type="text" placeholder="Username">
</div>

<div class="input-group span6">
  <input type="text">
  <span class="input-group-addon">.00</span>
</div>

<div class="input-group span3">
  <span class="input-group-addon">$</span>
  <input type="text">
  <span class="input-group-addon">.00</span>
</div>

Optional sizes

Add the relative form sizing classes to the `.input-group-addon`.

<div class="input-group span9">
  <span class="input-group-addon input-large">@</span>
  <input type="text" class="input-large" placeholder="Username">
</div>
<div class="input-group span9">
  <span class="input-group-addon">@</span>
  <input type="text" placeholder="Username">
</div>
<div class="input-group span9">
  <span class="input-group-addon input-small">@</span>
  <input type="text" class="input-small" placeholder="Username">
</div>

Buttons instead of text

Buttons in input groups are a bit different and require one extra level of nesting. Instead of .input-group-addon, you'll need to use .input-group-btn to wrap the buttons. This is required due to default browser styles that cannot be overridden.

<div class="input-group span7">
  <span class="input-group-btn">
    <button class="btn" type="button">Go!</button>
  </span>
  <input type="text">
</div>

<div class="input-group span7">
  <input type="text">
  <span class="input-group-btn">
    <button class="btn" type="button">Go!</button>
  </span>
</div>

Button dropdowns

<div class="input-group span7">
  <div class="input-group-btn btn-group">
    <button class="btn dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">
      Action
      <span class="caret"></span>
    </button>
    <ul class="dropdown-menu">
      ...
    </ul>
  </div>
  <input type="text">
</div>

<div class="input-group span7">
  <input type="text">
  <div class="input-group-btn btn-group">
    <button class="btn dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">
      Action
      <span class="caret"></span>
    </button>
    <ul class="dropdown-menu">
      ...
    </ul>
  </div>
</div>

Segmented dropdown groups

<div class="input-prepend">
  <div class="btn-group">...</div>
  <input type="text" class="span3">
</div>
<div class="input-append">
  <input type="text" class="span3">
  <div class="btn-group">...</div>
</div>

Control sizing

Use relative sizing classes like .input-large or match your inputs to the grid column sizes using .span* classes.

Relative sizing

Create larger or smaller form controls that match button sizes.

<input class="input-large" type="text" placeholder=".input-large">
<input type="text" placeholder="Default input">
<input class="input-small" type="text" placeholder=".input-small">

Column sizing

Use .span1 to .span12 for setting widths on inputs that match Bootstrap's grid system.

<input class="span1" type="text" placeholder=".span1">
<input class="span2" type="text" placeholder=".span2">
<input class="span3" type="text" placeholder=".span3">
<select class="span1">
  ...
</select>
<select class="span2">
  ...
</select>
<select class="span3">
  ...
</select>

If you need multiple inputs on the same line, wrap them in the standard grid markup (with .row and .span* classes). Each input should have it's own column and will expand to fill the available width automatically.

<div class="row">
  <div class="span4">
    <input type="text" placeholder=".span4">
  </div>
  <div class="span4">
    <input type="text" placeholder=".span4">
  </div>
  <div class="span4">
    <input type="text" placeholder=".span4">
  </div>
</div>

Uneditable inputs

Present data in a form that's not editable without using actual form markup.

<span class="input-xlarge uneditable-input">Some value here</span>

Form actions

End a form with a group of actions (buttons). When placed within a .form-horizontal, the buttons will automatically indent to line up with the form controls.

<div class="form-actions">
  <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
  <button type="button" class="btn">Cancel</button>
</div>

Help text

Inline and block level support for help text that appears around form controls.

Inline help

<input type="text"><span class="help-inline">Inline help text</span>

Block help

<input type="text"><span class="help-block">A longer block of help text that breaks onto a new line and may extend beyond one line.</span>

Default buttons

Button styles can be applied to anything with the .btn class applied. However, typically you'll want to apply these to only <a> and <button> elements for the best rendering.

Button	class=""	Description
	`btn`	Standard gray button with gradient
	`btn btn-primary`	Provides extra visual weight and identifies the primary action in a set of buttons
	`btn btn-success`	Indicates a successful or positive action
	`btn btn-info`	Contextual button for informational alert messages
	`btn btn-warning`	Indicates caution should be taken with this action
	`btn btn-danger`	Indicates a dangerous or potentially negative action
	`btn btn-link`	Deemphasize a button by making it look like a link while maintaining button behavior

Cross browser compatibility

IE9 doesn't crop background gradients on rounded corners, so we remove it. Related, IE9 jankifies disabled button elements, rendering text gray with a nasty text-shadow that we cannot fix.

Button sizes

Fancy larger or smaller buttons? Add .btn-large, .btn-small, or .btn-mini for additional sizes.

<p>
  <button class="btn btn-large btn-primary" type="button">Large button</button>
  <button class="btn btn-large" type="button">Large button</button>
</p>
<p>
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Default button</button>
  <button class="btn" type="button">Default button</button>
</p>
<p>
  <button class="btn btn-small btn-primary" type="button">Small button</button>
  <button class="btn btn-small" type="button">Small button</button>
</p>
<p>
  <button class="btn btn-mini btn-primary" type="button">Mini button</button>
  <button class="btn btn-mini" type="button">Mini button</button>
</p>

Create block level buttons—those that span the full width of a parent— by adding .btn-block.

<button class="btn btn-large btn-block btn-primary" type="button">Block level button</button>
<button class="btn btn-large btn-block" type="button">Block level button</button>

Disabled state

Make buttons look unclickable by fading them back 50%.

Anchor element

Add the .disabled class to <a> buttons.

Primary link Link

<a href="#" class="btn btn-large btn-primary disabled">Primary link</a>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-large disabled">Link</a>

We use .disabled as a utility class here, similar to the common .active class, so no prefix is required. Also, this class is only for aesthetic; you must use custom JavaScript to disable links here.

Button element

Add the disabled attribute to <button> buttons.

<button type="button" class="btn btn-large btn-primary disabled" disabled="disabled">Primary button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-large" disabled>Button</button>

One class, multiple tags

Use the .btn class on an <a>, <button>, or <input> element.

<a class="btn" href="">Link</a>
<button class="btn" type="submit">Button</button>
<input class="btn" type="button" value="Input">
<input class="btn" type="submit" value="Submit">

As a best practice, try to match the element for your context to ensure matching cross-browser rendering. If you have an input, use an <input type="submit"> for your button.

Add classes to an <img> element to easily style images in any project. Rounded corners are not available in IE8.

<img src="..." class="img-rounded">
<img src="..." class="img-circle">
<img src="..." class="img-thumbnail">

Included glyphs

Bootstrap comes with all 160 of Glyphicons Halflings set, all available in font formats for easy coloring, sizing, and placement.

glyphicon-glass
glyphicon-music
glyphicon-search
glyphicon-envelope
glyphicon-heart
glyphicon-star
glyphicon-star-empty
glyphicon-user
glyphicon-film
glyphicon-th-large
glyphicon-th
glyphicon-th-list
glyphicon-ok
glyphicon-remove
glyphicon-zoom-in
glyphicon-zoom-out
glyphicon-off
glyphicon-signal
glyphicon-cog
glyphicon-trash
glyphicon-home
glyphicon-file
glyphicon-time
glyphicon-road
glyphicon-download-alt
glyphicon-download
glyphicon-upload
glyphicon-inbox
glyphicon-play-circle
glyphicon-repeat
glyphicon-refresh
glyphicon-list-alt
glyphicon-lock
glyphicon-flag
glyphicon-headphones
glyphicon-volume-off
glyphicon-volume-down
glyphicon-volume-up
glyphicon-qrcode
glyphicon-barcode
glyphicon-tag
glyphicon-tags
glyphicon-book
glyphicon-bookmark
glyphicon-print
glyphicon-camera
glyphicon-font
glyphicon-bold
glyphicon-italic
glyphicon-text-height
glyphicon-text-width
glyphicon-align-left
glyphicon-align-center
glyphicon-align-right
glyphicon-align-justify
glyphicon-list
glyphicon-indent-left
glyphicon-indent-right
glyphicon-facetime-video
glyphicon-picture
glyphicon-pencil
glyphicon-map-marker
glyphicon-adjust
glyphicon-tint
glyphicon-edit
glyphicon-share
glyphicon-check
glyphicon-move
glyphicon-step-backward
glyphicon-fast-backward
glyphicon-backward
glyphicon-play
glyphicon-pause
glyphicon-stop
glyphicon-forward
glyphicon-fast-forward
glyphicon-step-forward
glyphicon-eject
glyphicon-chevron-left
glyphicon-chevron-right
glyphicon-plus-sign
glyphicon-minus-sign
glyphicon-remove-sign
glyphicon-ok-sign
glyphicon-question-sign
glyphicon-info-sign
glyphicon-screenshot
glyphicon-remove-circle
glyphicon-ok-circle
glyphicon-ban-circle
glyphicon-arrow-left
glyphicon-arrow-right
glyphicon-arrow-up
glyphicon-arrow-down
glyphicon-share-alt
glyphicon-resize-full
glyphicon-resize-small
glyphicon-plus
glyphicon-minus
glyphicon-asterisk
glyphicon-exclamation-sign
glyphicon-gift
glyphicon-leaf
glyphicon-fire
glyphicon-eye-open
glyphicon-eye-close
glyphicon-warning-sign
glyphicon-plane
glyphicon-calendar
glyphicon-random
glyphicon-comment
glyphicon-magnet
glyphicon-chevron-up
glyphicon-chevron-down
glyphicon-retweet
glyphicon-shopping-cart
glyphicon-folder-close
glyphicon-folder-open
glyphicon-resize-vertical
glyphicon-resize-horizontal
glyphicon-hdd
glyphicon-bullhorn
glyphicon-bell
glyphicon-certificate
glyphicon-thumbs-up
glyphicon-thumbs-down
glyphicon-hand-right
glyphicon-hand-left
glyphicon-hand-up
glyphicon-hand-down
glyphicon-circle-arrow-right
glyphicon-circle-arrow-left
glyphicon-circle-arrow-up
glyphicon-circle-arrow-down
glyphicon-globe
glyphicon-wrench
glyphicon-tasks
glyphicon-filter
glyphicon-briefcase
glyphicon-fullscreen
glyphicon-dashboard
glyphicon-paperclip
glyphicon-heart-empty
glyphicon-link
glyphicon-phone
glyphicon-pushpin
glyphicon-euro
glyphicon-usd
glyphicon-gbp
glyphicon-sort
glyphicon-sort-by-alphabet
glyphicon-sort-by-alphabet-alt
glyphicon-sort-by-order
glyphicon-sort-by-order-alt
glyphicon-sort-by-attributes
glyphicon-sort-by-attributes-alt
glyphicon-unchecked
glyphicon-expand
glyphicon-collapse
glyphicon-collapse-top

Glyphicons attribution

Glyphicons Halflings are normally not available for free, but an arrangement between Bootstrap and the Glyphicons creator have made this possible at no cost to you as developers. As a thank you, we ask you to include an optional link back to Glyphicons whenever practical.

How to use

Add the appropriate class to any inline element. All icon classes are prefixed with glyphicon- for easy styling. To use, place the following code just about anywhere:

<i class="glyphicon-search"></i>

Want to change the icon color? Just change the color of the parent element.

When using beside strings of text, as in buttons or nav links, be sure to leave a space after the icon for proper spacing.

Icon examples

Use them in buttons, button groups for a toolbar, navigation, or prepended form inputs.

Buttons

Button group in a button toolbar

<div class="btn-toolbar">
  <div class="btn-group">

    <a class="btn" href="#"><i class="glyphicon-align-left"></i></a>
    <a class="btn" href="#"><i class="glyphicon-align-center"></i></a>
    <a class="btn" href="#"><i class="glyphicon-align-right"></i></a>
    <a class="btn" href="#"><i class="glyphicon-align-justify"></i></a>
  </div>
</div>

Dropdown in a button group

User

<div class="btn-group">
  <a class="btn btn-primary" href="#"><i class="glyphicon-user icon-white"></i> User</a>
  <a class="btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#"><span class="caret"></span></a>
  <ul class="dropdown-menu">
    <li><a href="#"><i class="glyphicon-pencil"></i> Edit</a></li>
    <li><a href="#"><i class="glyphicon-trash"></i> Delete</a></li>
    <li><a href="#"><i class="glyphicon-ban-circle"></i> Ban</a></li>
    <li class="divider"></li>
    <li><a href="#"><i class="i"></i> Make admin</a></li>
  </ul>
</div>

Large button

Star

<a class="btn btn-large" href="#"><i class="icon-star"></i> Star</a>

Small button

<a class="btn btn-small" href="#"><i class="glyphicon-star"></i></a>

Navigation

<ul class="nav nav-list">
  <li class="active"><a href="#"><i class="glyphicon-home icon-white"></i> Home</a></li>
  <li><a href="#"><i class="glyphicon-book"></i> Library</a></li>
  <li><a href="#"><i class="glyphicon-pencil"></i> Applications</a></li>
  <li><a href="#"><i class="i"></i> Misc</a></li>
</ul>

Form fields

<div class="control-group">
  <label class="control-label" for="inputIcon">Email address</label>
  <div class="controls">
    <div class="input-group">
      <span class="input-group-addon"><i class="glyphicon-envelope"></i></span>
      <input class="span2" id="inputIcon" type="text">
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

Enabling responsive features

Responsive CSS requires the following meta tag in the <head> of your pages.

<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

Supported devices

Bootstrap supports a handful of media queries to help make your projects more appropriate on different devices and screen resolutions. Here's what's included:

Label	Layout width	Column width	Gutter width
Large display	1200px and up	70px	30px
Default	980px and up	60px	20px
Portrait tablets	768px and above	42px	20px
Phones to tablets	767px and below	Fluid columns, no fixed widths
Phones	480px and below	Fluid columns, no fixed widths

/* Large desktop */
@media (min-width: 1200px) { ... }

/* Portrait tablet to landscape and desktop */
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 979px) { ... }

/* Landscape phone to portrait tablet */
@media (max-width: 767px) { ... }

/* Landscape phones and down */
@media (max-width: 480px) { ... }

Responsive utility classes

For faster mobile-friendly development, use these utility classes for showing and hiding content by device. Below is a table of the available classes and their effect on a given media query layout (labeled by device).

Class	Phones 767px and below	Tablets 979px to 768px	Desktops Default
`.visible-phone`	Visible	Hidden	Hidden
`.visible-tablet`	Hidden	Visible	Hidden
`.visible-desktop`	Hidden	Hidden	Visible
`.hidden-phone`	Hidden	Visible	Visible
`.hidden-tablet`	Visible	Hidden	Visible
`.hidden-desktop`	Visible	Visible	Hidden

When to use

Use on a limited basis and avoid creating entirely different versions of the same site. Instead, use them to complement each device's presentation. Responsive utilities should not be used with tables, and as such are not supported.

Responsive utilities test case

Resize your browser or load on different devices to test the above classes.

Visible on...

Green checkmarks indicate that class is visible in your current viewport.

Phone✔ Phone
Tablet✔ Tablet
Desktop✔ Desktop

Hidden on...

Here, green checkmarks indicate that class is hidden in your current viewport.

Phone✔ Phone
Tablet✔ Tablet
Desktop✔ Desktop

Global settings

Requires HTML5 doctype

Mobile first

Typography and links

Normalize reset

Typography

Headings

h1. Heading 1

h2. Heading 2

h3. Heading 3

h4. Heading 4

h5. Heading 5

h6. Heading 6

Body copy

Lead body copy

Built with Less

Emphasis

<small>

Bold

Italics

Alignment classes

Emphasis classes

Abbreviations

<abbr>

<abbr class="initialism">

Addresses

<address>

Blockquotes

Default blockquote

Blockquote options

Naming a source

Alternate displays

Lists

Unordered

Ordered

Unstyled

Inline

Description

Horizontal description

Auto-truncating

Grid system

Live grid example

Basic grid HTML

Offsetting columns

Nesting columns

Code

Inline

Basic block

Tables

Default styles

Optional classes

.table-striped

.table-bordered

.table-hover

.table-condensed

Optional row classes

Supported table markup

Forms

Default styles

Optional layouts

Inline form

Horizontal form

Supported form controls

Inputs

Textarea

Checkboxes and radios

Default (stacked)

Inline checkboxes

Selects

Form control states

Input focus

Invalid inputs

Disabled inputs

Disabled fieldsets

Validation states

Extending form controls

Input groups

Optional sizes

Buttons instead of text

Button dropdowns

`<small>`

`<abbr>`

`<abbr class="initialism">`

`<address>`

`.table-striped`

`.table-bordered`

`.table-hover`

`.table-condensed`